08/15/2008. Remarks by Johan Visschedijk: "This is one of eleven SPAD S.XIII C-1s that had the troublesome 220 hp Hispano-Suiza 8BA eight-cylinder liquid-cooled V-engine replaced by an un-geared 180 hp Wright-Hispano E. The lower thrust line of the new engine necessitated a new and revised radiator, the principle recognition feature of the type that was redesignated SPAD S.XIIIE (also noted as S.13E).

The conversion was conducted by Eberhardt Steel Products Co. of Buffalo, New York, and the aircraft were given USAAS s/n 23-938 to 23-948."